AOD-9604 – Research Peptide Derived from HGH
AOD-9604 is a synthetic peptide composed of 15 amino acids, developed in the late 1990s as a fragment derived from human growth hormone (HGH), specifically from its portion 176–191. This segment has been the subject of scientific interest for its lipolytic properties, namely the ability to stimulate the degradation of lipid deposits and selectively influence fat metabolism.
Unlike the complete hormone, AOD-9604 was designed to preserve some of the positive metabolic functions of GH without affecting blood sugar levels or inducing mitogenic activity or growth-related effects. The result is a stable peptide fragment, well tolerated in preclinical studies, showing a high safety profile and significant potential for biochemical research on metabolism and cellular processes.
Origin and Structural Characteristics
From a molecular point of view, AOD-9604 has a specific sequence of 15 amino acids that reproduces the active portion of HGH responsible for modulating lipid metabolism. Its simplified chemical formula and structure allow the compound to maintain the desired functional characteristics while minimizing potential side effects observed with full-length human growth hormone.
The peptide is typically provided in lyophilized form (white or off-white powder) to ensure stability during transport and storage. It is soluble in water or sterile diluents and remains stable for up to 24 months at −20 °C when properly stored, avoiding repeated freeze–thaw cycles.
Research Mechanisms and Study Areas
Scientific studies on AOD-9604 primarily focus on lipid metabolism and energy balance. Research has shown that the peptide can stimulate lipolysis (fat breakdown) and inhibit lipogenesis (formation of new lipid deposits) through mechanisms that are partially independent of adrenergic receptors.
Experiments conducted on animal models, particularly on rats and mice predisposed to obesity, have demonstrated a significant reduction in both body weight and adipose tissue after extended administration of AOD-9604. In one 19-day study conducted on obese rats, treatment resulted in a body weight decrease of over 50%, accompanied by an increase in the lipolytic activity of adipose tissue.
Further research has shown that these effects do not depend solely on binding to beta-3 adrenergic receptors (located in white adipose tissue), since fat reduction was also observed in mice genetically lacking these receptors. This suggests the existence of alternative metabolic pathways, potentially related to the activation of apoptotic processes in adipose cells or to the enzymatic modulation of lipid metabolism.
Animal and Clinical Studies
Most of the available evidence comes from animal models and, to some extent, from clinical research trials. In Australia, AOD-9604 was tested in phase 2b clinical studies on 300 obese subjects, treated once daily for 12 weeks with doses ranging from 0 mg to 30 mg. The results showed a threefold increase in weight loss compared to the placebo group, with a stable rate of fat reduction maintained throughout the study period.
An interesting finding was that the group treated with 1 mg achieved results comparable (and in some cases superior) to those of commonly used weight-control drugs, but without notable side effects. Moreover, the study indicated that no resistance developed over time, suggesting that the biological response remains stable even during prolonged treatment.
Research on Joints and Cartilage
In addition to studies on fat metabolism, the AOD-9604 peptide has been investigated for its potential role in joint function and cartilage regeneration. Experiments on animal models with induced arthritis assessed the effects of intra-articular injections of AOD-9604, both alone and in combination with hyaluronic acid (HA). The results showed a significant improvement in the recovery of cartilage structure, with a synergistic action between AOD-9604 and HA.
Histological analyses revealed favorable changes in the microstructure of cartilage tissue, accompanied by a reduction in clinical signs of joint inflammation. These results open the door to further studies aimed at understanding how the peptide may influence tissue regeneration and the cellular mechanisms involved in joint health.
Metabolic Implications and Cardiac Function
Since the reduction of body fat mass is directly correlated with a decrease in metabolic and cardiovascular risks, research has hypothesized that AOD-9604 may have indirect beneficial effects on heart function and overall energy metabolism.
Some publications suggest that the peptide can positively affect metabolic parameters independently of fat loss. These observations stem from the hypothesis that one of the secondary mechanisms through which AOD-9604 acts may involve improving cellular regulation of lipids and glucose, without altering insulin sensitivity or IGF-1 levels.
In preclinical studies, the compound has demonstrated good tolerability, high bioavailability, and no formation of specific antibodies, confirming a safety profile consistent with its use in laboratory and experimental settings.
Compliance and Intended Use
AOD-9604 is supplied exclusively for scientific or in-vitro research use. It is not intended for human consumption or for therapeutic or diagnostic applications. The information provided is based on scientific studies and publications and is supplied solely for educational and informational purposes.
The product is available in high-purity lyophilized form (≥ 99%), suitable for molecular, biochemical, and pharmacodynamic research studies.
